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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforPillingResistanceandOtherRelatedSurfaceChangesofTextileFabrics:ElastomericPad
【原文标准名称】:纺织纤维的抗起球性和其他相关表面变化的标准试验方法:弹性体垫
【标准号】:ASTMD3514/D3514M-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D13.60
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:fabric;fuzz;pills;Elastomericpadmethod;Fuzz;Pillingresistance;Surfaceanalysis--textilefabrics/fibers;Textilefabrics(general)
【摘要】:AcceptanceTesting8212;Thismethodoftestingfabricsforresistancetopillingisnotrecommendedforacceptancetesting.Ifitisusedforacceptancetesting,itshouldbeusedwithcautionbecauseinterlaboratorydataarenotavailable.Insomecasesthepurchaserandthesuppliermayhavetotestacommercialshipmentofoneormorespecificmaterialsbythebestavailablemethod,eventhoughthemethodhasnotbeenrecommendedforacceptancetesting.IfthereisadisagreementarisingfromdifferencesinvaluesreportedbythepurchaserandthesupplierwhenusingTestMethodD3514foracceptancetesting,thestatisticalbias,ifany,betweenthelaboratoryofthepurchaserandthelaboratoryofthesuppliershouldbedeterminedbasedontestingspecimensrandomlydrawnfromonesampleofmaterialofthetypebeingevaluated.Competentstatisticalassistanceisrecommendedfortheinvestigationofbias.Aminimumoftwopartiesshouldtakeagroupoftestspecimenswhichareashomogeneousaspossibleandwhicharefromalotofmaterialofthetypeinquestion.Thetestspecimensshouldthenberandomlyassignedinequalnumberstoeachlaboratoryfortesting.Theaveragetestresultsfromthetwolaboratoriesshouldbecomparedusinganacceptablestatisticalprotocolandprobabilitylevelchosenbythetwopartiesbeforethetestingbegins.Appropriatestatisticaldisciplinesforcomparingdatamustbeusedwhenthepurchaserandsuppliercannotagree.Ifabiasisfound,eitheritscausemustbefoundandcorrected,orthepurchaserandthesuppliermustagreetointerpretfuturetestresultswithconsiderationfortheknownbias.Thepillingoftextilefabricsisaverycomplexpropertybecauseitisaffectedbymanyfactorswhichmayincludetypeoffiberorblends,fiberdimensions,yarnandfabricconstruction,andfabricfinishingtreatments.Thepillingresistanceofaspecificfabricinactualwearvariesmorewithgeneralconditionsofuseandindividualwearersthaninreplicatefabricspecimenssubjectedtocontrolledlaboratorytests.Thisexperienceshouldbeborneinmindwhenadoptinglevelsofacceptabilityforanyseriesofstandards.Finishesandfabricsurfacechangesmayexertalargeeffectonpilling.Itisrecommendedthatfabricsbetestedafterlaunderingordrycleaning,orboth.Testingbeforerefurbishingmayalsobeadvisable.Prioragreementbetweeninterestedpartiesshoulddeterminethestateoftest.Pillsvaryappreciablyinsizeandappearanceanddependonthepresenceoflintanddegreeofcolorcontrast.Thesefactorsarenotevaluatedwhenpillingisratedsolelyonthenumberofpills.Thedevelopmentofpillsmaybeaccompaniedbyothersurfacephenomenasuchaslossofcover,colorchange,orthedevelopmentoffuzz.Sincetheoverallacceptabilityofaspecificfabricisdependentonboththecharacteristicsofthepillsandtheotherfactorsaffectingsurfaceappearance,itissuggestedthatfabricstestedinthelaboratorybeevaluatedsubjectivelywithregardtotheiracceptabilityandnotratedsolelyonthenumberofpillsdeveloped.Aseriesofstandards,basedongraduateddegreesofsurfacechangeofthefabrictypebeingtested,maybesetuptoprovideabasisforsubjectiveratings.Thevisualstandardsaremostadvantageouswhenthelaboratorytestspecimenscorrelatecloselyinappearancewithwornfabricsandshowasimilarratioofpillstofuzz.Countingthepillsandweightingtheirnumberwithrespecttotheirsizeandcontrast,asacombinedmeasureofpillingresistance,isnotrecommendedbecauseoftheexcessivetimerequiredforcounting,sizing,andcalculation.Thedegreeoffabricpillingisevaluatedbycomparingthetestedspecimenswithvisualstandards,whichmaybeactualfabricsorphotographsoffabrics,showingarangeofpillingresista.......
【中国标准分类号】:W55
【国际标准分类号】:59_080_30
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Foodprocessingmachinery-Cookingkettlesequippedwithpoweredstirrerand/ormixer-Safetyandhygienerequirements;GermanversionEN13886:2005
【原文标准名称】:食品加工机械.带动力搅拌器和/或混合器的蒸煮罐.安全和卫生要求
【标准号】:DINEN13886-2005
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2005-08
【实施或试行日期】:2005-08-01
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:安全;机械工程;食品;安全要求;用户信息;作标记;定义;保护措施;卫生学;规范(验收);设备安全;人类工效学;机器;可清洗性;危害;事故预防;混合设备;安全措施;食物;搅拌器(实验室);混合器;食品搅拌器;粮食工业;食品机;试验;清洁;噪声测量;危险;大锅;使用说明;操作说明书;职业安全;工作场所安全
【英文主题词】:Accidentprevention;Cauldrons;Cleanability;Cleaning;Danger;Definition;Definitions;Equipmentsafety;Ergonomics;Foodmixers;Foodproducts;Foodstuff;Foodstuffmachine;Hazards;Hygiene;Instructionsforuse;Machines;Marking;Mechanicalengineering;Mixers;Mixingmachines;Noisemeasurements;Occupationalsafety;Operatinginstructions;Protectivemeasures;Provisionindustry;Safety;Safetymeasures;Safetyrequirements;Specification(approval);Stirrers(laboratory);Testing;Userinformation;Workplacesafety
【摘要】:ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesthesafetyandhygienerequirementsforthedesignandmanufactureofcookingkettlesequippedwithstirrerand/ormixer.Inthetextthatfollows,"theterm""cookingkettles""isusedtorefertotheequipmentcoveredbythisStandard.Thecookingkettlesareusedfromcateringtosmallscale-foodindustrytocook",tocoolandtomixallcoldorhotfood.Theyallowthepossibilitytoaddingredientduringtheprocessingwithoutstoppingtheprocess.
【中国标准分类号】:X90
【国际标准分类号】:67_260
【页数】:44P.;A4
【正文语种】:德语